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131 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
131 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: page
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title: Debug di Express
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description: Learn how to enable and use debugging logs in Express.js applications by setting the DEBUG environment variable for enhanced troubleshooting.
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menu: guide
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redirect_from: " "
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---
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# Debug di Express
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Per visualizzare tutti i log interni utilizzati in Express, impostare la variabile di ambiente `DEBUG` su
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`express:*` quando si avvia l'applicazione.
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```bash
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$ DEBUG=express:* node index.js
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```
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Su Windows, utilizzare il comando corrispondente.
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```bash
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> $env:DEBUG = "express:*"; node index.js
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```
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L'esecuzione di questo comando sull'applicazione predefinita generata da [Programma di creazione express](/{{ page.lang }}/starter/generator.html) consentirà di stampare il seguente output:
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```bash
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$ DEBUG=express:* node ./bin/www
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express:router:route new / +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +1ms
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express:router:route get / +1ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router:route new / +1ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router:route get / +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:application compile etag weak +1ms
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express:application compile query parser extended +0ms
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express:application compile trust proxy false +0ms
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express:application booting in development mode +1ms
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express:router use / query +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / expressInit +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / favicon +1ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / logger +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / jsonParser +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +1ms
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express:router use / urlencodedParser +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / cookieParser +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / stylus +90ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / serveStatic +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / router +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +1ms
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express:router use /users router +0ms
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express:router:layer new /users +0ms
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express:router use / <anonymous> +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / <anonymous> +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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express:router use / <anonymous> +0ms
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express:router:layer new / +0ms
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```
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Quando successivamente viene effettuata una richiesta all'applicazione, verranno visualizzati i log specificati nel codice Express:
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```bash
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express:router dispatching GET / +4h
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express:router query : / +2ms
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express:router expressInit : / +0ms
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express:router favicon : / +0ms
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express:router logger : / +1ms
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express:router jsonParser : / +0ms
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express:router urlencodedParser : / +1ms
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express:router cookieParser : / +0ms
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express:router stylus : / +0ms
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express:router serveStatic : / +2ms
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express:router router : / +2ms
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express:router dispatching GET / +1ms
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express:view lookup "index.pug" +338ms
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express:view stat "/projects/example/views/index.pug" +0ms
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express:view render "/projects/example/views/index.pug" +1ms
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```
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Per visualizzare i log solo dall'implementazione router impostare il valore `DEBUG` su `express:router`. In modo simile, per visualizzare i log solo dall'implementazione dell'applicazione impostare il valore `DEBUG` su `express:application` e così via.
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## Applicazioni generate da `express`
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Un'applicazione generata dal comando `express` utilizza inoltre il modulo `debug` e il relativo spazio dei nomi di debug viene associato al nome dell'applicazione.
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Ad esempio, se l'applicazione è stata generata con `$ express sample-app`, è possibile abilitare le istruzioni di debug con il seguente comando:
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```bash
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$ DEBUG=sample-app:* node ./bin/www
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```
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È possibile specificare più di uno spazio dei nomi di debug assegnando un elenco di nomi separati da virgola:
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```bash
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$ DEBUG=http,mail,express:* node index.js
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```
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## Advanced options
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When running through Node.js, you can set a few environment variables that will change the behavior of the debug logging:
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| Name | Purpose |
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| ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `DEBUG` | Enables/disables specific debugging namespaces. |
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| `DEBUG_COLORS` | Whether or not to use colors in the debug output. |
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| `DEBUG_DEPTH` | Object inspection depth. |
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| `DEBUG_FD` | File descriptor to write debug output to. |
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| `DEBUG_SHOW_HIDDEN` | Shows hidden properties on inspected objects. |
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{% capture debug-text %}
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The environment variables beginning with `DEBUG_` end up being
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converted into an Options object that gets used with `%o`/`%O` formatters.
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See the Node.js documentation for
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[`util.inspect()`](https://nodejs.org/api/util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options)
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for the complete list.
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{% endcapture %}
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{% include admonitions/note.html content=debug-text %}
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